In Copperweld Corp. v. Independence Tube Corp. (1984) 467 U.S. 752, the United States Supreme Court held that a parent and wholly owned subsidiary could not conspire with one another for purposes of the antitrust laws because the two entities have "a complete unity of interest" and "common" objectives. (Copperweld, supra, 467 U.S. at p. 771.) The court reasoned that the antitrust laws are intended to prevent "two or more entities that previously pursued their own interests separately from combining to act as one for their common benefit," but coordinated action between a parent and wholly owned subsidiary does not pose this same risk because "there is no sudden joining of economic resources that had previously served different interests . . . ." (Id. at pp. 769-771.)