In Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliott, Inc. (1997) 521 U.S. 457, the United States Supreme Court considered the compulsory subsidy of commodity advertising for the first time. The Glickman majority found that compulsory fees for generic advertising under a federal marketing order that regulated California grown nectarines, peaches, pears and plums did not violate the First Amendment. (Glickman, supra, 521 U.S. at pp. 472-473.) The majority noted that this generic advertising was unquestionably germane to the purposes of the marketing orders. Further, the assessments were not used to fund ideological activities. (Id. at p. 472.) The court reasoned that it was reviewing "a species of economic regulation that should enjoy the same strong presumption of validity" that is accorded "to other policy judgments made by Congress." (Id. at p. 477.)