In Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, Inc. (535 U.S. 425, 122 S. Ct. 1728, 152 L. Ed. 2d 670 (2002)) the problem the Los Angeles legislation addressed was the concentration of adult businesses, which led to demonstrably higher crime rates in areas where they were located. That goal was subverted when the businesses availed themselves of an exception in the law for common ownership and consolidated their operations in a single structure, thus becoming even more intensely concentrated and consequently even greater magnets for crime. The objective of the original legislation having been the same as that of the amendment, in defending the amendment against constitutional challenge Los Angeles was entitled to rely on the evidence supporting the original law.