In Nollan v. California Coastal Comm'n (1987) 483 U.S. 825, residential property owners challenged a California Coastal Commission requirement that they grant an easement for public beach access across their beachfront property as a condition to approval of a building permit for construction of a larger house. (Nollan, supra, at p. 827.) Nollan concluded there must be an essential nexus between the exaction imposed and the effect of the permitted use of the property. (Id. at pp. 837-838.)