Walling v. Portland

In Walling v. Portland (1947) 330 U.S. 148, the Court held that railroad yard brakeman trainees were like students at a school, and not employees. The trainee brakemen neither received nor expected any remuneration, they were working for their own advantage, and the railroad received no immediate advantage from any work done by the trainees. (Walling, at pp. 150-153.)