In Arizona, Frye has usually been applied in cases involving the results of physical scientific tests. Frye v. United States, 54 App. D.C. 46, 293 F. 1013 (D.C. Cir. 1923) See: Valdez, 91 Ariz. at 277-79, 371 P.2d at 896-98 (polygraph evidence); Scales v. City Court, 122 Ariz. 231, 234-35, 594 P.2d 97, 100-01 (1979) (breathalyzer); State v. Gortarez, 141 Ariz. 254, 262-66, 686 P.2d 1224, 1232-36 (1984) ("voiceprint" evidence); State v. Superior Court (Blake), 149 Ariz. 269, 277-80, 718 P.2d 171, 179-82 (1986) (horizontal gaze nystagmus testing); State v. Beaty, 158 Ariz. 232, 241-42, 762 P.2d 519, 528-29 (1988) (phosphoglucomutase (PGM) blood grouping); State v. Velasco, 165 Ariz. 480, 486-87, 799 P.2d 821, 827-28 (1990) (silica gel blood alcohol test); State v. Bible, 175 Ariz. 549, 576-82, 858 P.2d 1152, 1179-85 (1993) (DNA evidence). However, Frye has also been applied to determine the basic reliability of techniques not necessarily involving "hard" science. See State v. Mena, 128 Ariz. 226, 231-32, 624 P.2d 1274, 1279-80 (1981) (hypnotically refreshed testimony).