In Kenford Company, Inc. v. Erie County, 67 NY2d 257 [1986], the court found that: "First, it must be demonstrated with certainty that such damages have been caused by the breach and, second, the alleged loss must be capable of proof with reasonable certainty. In other words, the damages may not be merely speculative, possible or imaginary, but must be reasonably certain and directly traceable to the breach, not remote or the result of other intervening causes . . . In addition, there must be a showing that the particular damages were fairly within the contemplation of the parties to the contract at the time it was made. (where listing company sued a published for publisher's alleged breach of agreement to purchase its mailing lists)."