In Matter of Abrams v. NYCTA, 39 NY2d 990 (1976), the then-Bronx Borough President, other elected officials and citizens sued to declare prevalent levels of subway noise illegal, and to enjoin it. The Court of Appeals affirmed dismissal, commented on the "absurdity" (id. at 992) of the suit and declared that "standing, however, has not, and should not be extended to substitute judicial oversight for the discretionary management of public business by public officials."