People v. Molineux

In People v. Molineux (168 NY 264, 61 NE 286, 10 NY Ann Cas 256, 16 NY Cr 120 [1901]), the Court established exceptions to the general rule by allowing evidence of uncharged crimes to be admitted if it helps to establish some element of the crime under consideration or is relevant in order to show, for example, a defendant's intent, motive, knowledge, common scheme or plan, or identity. However, when "evidence is actually of slight value when compared to the possible prejudice to the accused, it should not be admitted, even though it might technically relate to some fact to be proven" The Court of Appeals provided a list of some situations in which evidence of prior crimes may be admissible; i.e., to prove: "(1) motive; (2) intent; (3) the absence of mistake or accident; (4) a common scheme or plan embracing the commission of two or more crimes so related to each other that proof of one tends to establish the others; (5) the identity of the person charged with the commission of the crime on trial." (Id., at 293.) The Molineux list is "not exhaustive."