Scarangella v. Thomas Built Buses, Inc

In Scarangella v. Thomas Built Buses, Inc., 93 N.Y.2d 655, 717 N.E.2d 679, 695 N.Y.S.2d 520 (1999), the court held that: "The product is not defective where the evidence and reasonable inferences therefrom show that: (1) the buyer is thoroughly knowledgeable regarding the product and its use and is actually aware that the safety feature is available; (2) the circumstances of use in which the product is not unreasonably dangerous without the optional equipment; (3) the buyer is in a position, given the range of uses of the product, to balance the benefits and risks of not having the safety device in the specifically contemplated circumstances of the buyer's use of the product. In such a case, the buyer, not the manufacturer, is in a superior position to make the risk-utility assessment and a well considered decision by the buyer to dispense with the optional safety equipment will excuse the manufacturer from liability . . ."