Washington Mut. Bank v. Mahaffey

In Washington Mut. Bank v. Mahaffey, 154 Ohio App.3d 44, 2003 Ohio 4422, 796 N.E.2d 39, the Second District Court of Appeals addressed the issue of whether a mortgagee could require, as a condition of reinstatement of a mortgage loan, the payment of attorney's fees. The mortgage at issue contained a provision very similar to the ones at issue in this case. The Court distinguished those cases which held that such a provision is against public policy and void. The Court reasoned: "Mahaffey's obligation to pay attorney fees is not provided in the mortgage instrument in this case as an obligation upon foreclosure but as a condition of reinstatement of the loan. While Mahaffey is entitled to all of the legal protections afforded under the laws pertaining to the foreclosure of mortgage liens, including the right of redemption, he is not entitled by law to reinstate a mortgage loan, once it is in default. Once a borrower defaults upon a mortgage loan, the lender is entitled, even if the borrower should exercise his right of redemption, to be paid in full and sever its relationship with the borrower. The bank chose to provide in its contract with Mahaffey for the possibility that the loan might be reinstated, preserving the relationship between borrower and lender, upon certain conditions. One of these is the payment of attorney fees. We see nothing against public policy in imposing the requirement of the payment of attorney fees expended in foreclosure proceedings as a condition of reinstatement of a mortgage loan. If the loan were not reinstated, the borrower would be entitled to its remedies in foreclosure, and it has expended attorney fees toward that end. It is reasonable that the mortgagee should require, as a condition of abandoning the foreclosure action and reinstating the loan, that it recover its attorney fees expended in the foreclosure action that it is abandoning." Id. at P39. The Court then went on to hold that the payment of attorney's fees was permitted because it was "merely a condition for reinstatement, not an obligation that arises in connection with the enforcement of the contract." Id. at P40.