Chatman v. State

In Chatman v. State, 846 S.W.2d 329 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993), the Court said that the language "either acting alone or as a party as that term has been defined" was sufficient to incorporate the entire instruction on parties from the abstract portion of the charge. In Chatman the application portion of the charge included: "acting alone or as a party, as that term has been defined." Id. at 332. The language from the Chatman charge tells the jury to look for the definition elsewhere in the charge.