State v. Rosenbaum

In State v. Rosenbaum, 852 S.W.2d 525, 525-26 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993), upon defendant's motion, the trial court disqualified the district attorney and appointed a special prosecutor to "investigate" and "prosecute" the case. After the trial court quashed the indictment, the special prosecutor timely filed a notice of appeal with the court of appeals. Id. at 526. Relying on Muller, the court of appeals held that it was without jurisdiction to hear the appeal because the requirements of article 44.01(d) had not been met. Id. The court of criminal appeals reversed, noting that Muller did not cover this situation in which the district attorney is altogether removed from a case and a special prosecutor is substituted for that district attorney. Id. at 527. The court noted that when a district attorney is considered disqualified, article 2.07(a) allows the trial court to appoint "any competent attorney to perform the duties of the office during the absence or disqualification of the attorney for the state." Id. (citing TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 2.07(a)). According to the court, article 2.07(a) "states plainly that the pro tem attorney will perform the duties of the district attorney." Id. (citing TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 2.07(a)). The court also noted that "over 120 years ago, the Texas Supreme Court (then vested with general authority over criminal matters) held that 'an attorney pro tem appointed by the court has all the powers and duties of the regular prosecuting attorney.'" Id. (quoting State v. Lackey, 35 Tex. 357 (1872)). Thus, the court of criminal appeals concluded that "if a district attorney is disqualified, the court may appoint any competent attorney to assume all the district attorney's duties and powers during his disqualification." Id.