In City of Claremont v. Kruse (2009) 177 Cal.App.4th 1153, the court stated that the Compassionate Use Act of 1996 (CUA) did not expressly preempt the city's zoning ordinance which temporarily prohibited medical marijuana dispensaries (MMD's): "The CUA does not expressly preempt the City's actions in this case. The operative provisions of the CUA do not address zoning or business licensing decisions. The statute's operative provisions protect physicians from being 'punished, or denied any right or privilege, for having recommended marijuana to a patient for medical purposes' ( 11362.5, subd. (c)), and shield patients and their qualified caregivers from criminal liability for possession and cultivation of marijuana for the patient's personal medical purposes if approved by a physician ( 11362.5, subd. (d)). The plain language of the statute does not prohibit the City from enforcing zoning and business licensing requirements applicable to defendants' proposed use." (Kruse, supra, 177 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1172-1173.) The Kruse court further explained that the city's temporary moratorium on MMD's was permissible because: "The CUA does not authorize the operation of a medical marijuana dispensary , nor does it prohibit local governments from regulating such dispensaries. Rather, the CUA expressly states that it does not supersede laws that protect individual and public safety: 'Nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede legislation prohibiting persons from engaging in conduct that endangers others ... .' ( 11362.5, subd. (b)(2).) The CUA, by its terms, accordingly did not supersede the City's moratorium on medical marijuana dispensaries, enacted as an urgency measure 'for the immediate preservation of the public health, safety, and welfare.' " (Kruse, supra, 177 Cal.App.4th at p. 1173.) The Kruse court also concluded the city's zoning ordinance was not expressly preempted by the medical marijuana program (MMP). The Kruse court noted, "The operative provisions of the MMP, like those in the CUA, provide limited criminal immunities under a narrow set of circumstances." (Kruse, supra, 177 Cal.App.4th at p. 1175.) Furthermore, "medical marijuana dispensaries are not mentioned in the text or history of the MMP. The MMP does not address the licensing or location of medical marijuana dispensaries, nor does it prohibit local governments from regulating such dispensaries. Rather, like the CUA, the MMP expressly allows local regulation. ... Nothing in the text or history of the MMP precludes the City's adoption of a temporary moratorium on issuing permits and licenses to medical marijuana dispensaries, or the City's enforcement of licensing and zoning requirements applicable to such dispensaries." (Ibid.)