Barr v. Resolution Trust Corporation

In Barr v. Resolution Trust Corporation, 837 S.W.2d 627, 628 (Tex. 1992) the Texas Supreme Court noted that, broadly speaking, res judicata is the "generic term" for a group of related concepts concerning the conclusive effects given final judgments. Within this general doctrine, there are two principal categories: (1) "res judicata," also known as "claim preclusion," and; (2) "collateral estoppel," also known as "issue preclusion." Id. "Res judicata or claim preclusion prevents the relitigation of a claim or cause of action that has been finally adjudicated, as well as related matters that, with the use of diligence, should have been litigated in the prior suit." Id. Collateral estoppel or issue preclusion prevents relitigation of particular issues already resolved in a prior suit involving the same parties and the same issues of fact or law. Id. "The policies behind res judicata reflect the need to bring all litigation to an end, prevent vexatious litigation, maintain stability of court decisions, promote judicial economy, and prevent double recovery." Barr, 837 S.W.2d at 629.