Hajdik v. Wingate

In Hajdik v. Wingate, 753 S.W.2d 199 (Tex. App.--Houston 1st Dist. 1988), aff'd, 795 S.W.2d 717 (Tex. 1990), the Court noted that in determining whether a party has shown surprise sufficient to preclude a pleading amendment, a trial court should consider: (1) how long the suit has been on file before the filing of the amendment; (2) how soon before trial the amendment was made; (3) whether the amendment presents a new claim or cause of action; (4) whether the new cause of action is based on recently discovered matters; (5) whether the resisting party alleges surprise and inability to prepare to try the new cause of action. 753 S.W.2d at 204.