In Atkins Machinery v. CH Powell Co., Inc., 455 F.Supp.2d 461 (D.S.C.2006), the plaintiff contracted with a freight forwarder to make arrangements for the transportation of some of its machinery. The freight forwarder contracted with D.M. Consol Line ("DML") to charter space on an American President Lines ("APL") vessel. APL hired Cooper, L.L.C. ("Cooper") to perform stevedore services. Cooper negligently damaged the machinery. The plaintiff sued Cooper to recover damages. Cooper sought to limit its liability under the terms of APL's standard bill of lading. Id. at 463. The district court rejected this argument because Cooper failed to show that DML and APL intended APL's standard bill of lading to apply to the handling of the particular machinery that was damaged. Id. at 469-70.