Call v. McKenzie

In Call v. McKenzie, 159 W.Va. 191, 220 S.E.2d 665 (1975), the Court established guidelines that trial courts should follow in ascertaining whether a criminal defendant's plea of guilty is voluntarily and knowingly made. "A trial court should spread upon the record the defendant's education, whether he consulted with friends or relatives about his plea, any history of mental illness or drug use, the extent he consulted with counsel, and all other relevant matters which will demonstrate to an appellate court or a trial court proceeding in habeas corpus that the defendant's plea was knowingly and intelligently made with due regard to the intelligent waiver of known rights."