Kunard v. Enron Oil & Gas Co

In Kunard v. Enron Oil & Gas Co., 869 P.2d 132 (Wyo. 1994) the Court recognized that the purpose of interest is to serve as compensation for the use of money, or as a penalty, or it may constitute a part of the tax. Assessing interest only from the date of notification and demand is contrary to this purpose. Kunard, 869 P.2d at 135 The Court recognized that when a taxpayer excludes required elements from its reported production, and the exclusion causes an underpayment, the tax is delinquent upon the taxpayer's failure to pay on the date due, not at the later date when the taxpayer is presented with notice and demand of the deficiency. In Kunard, the taxpayer, Enron, received relief on the running of interest solely because the county had in its possession a credit balance on account. Therefore, because of the credit balance that existed, there never existed an amount of unpaid tax which would initiate the running of interest as called for under Wyo. Stat. Ann. 39-3-101. As stated in Kunard, 869 P.2d at 136: Furthermore, none of the purposes to be served by interest charges are served by assessing interest against a taxpayer who has maintained a credit balance for the taxable period. The taxpayer does not benefit from the free use of the money, and clearly no penalty is necessary to discourage future reporting discrepancies which result in a credit balance. Finally, this court has held that "equitable considerations will not be entirely disregarded even in tax cases." Morrison-Knudson Co. v. State Bd. of Equalization, 58 Wyo. 500, 135 P.2d 927, 939 (1943). Because Enron's overpayments exceeded its underpayments for each of the tax years in question, the County was never deprived use of the underpayment dollars. Thus, it would be inequitable to allow the County to charge interest on the underpayment, particularly since the County has had free use of the overpayment dollars. The Court held that Enron Oil and Gas Company properly offset credits and underpayment for different properties in a given year, "because Enron's overpayments exceeded its underpayments for each of the tax years in question" and, therefore, "the County was never deprived use of the underpayment dollars. Thus, it would be inequitable to allow the County to charge interest on the underpayment, particularly since the County has had free use of the overpayment dollars." Id. at 136.